4 In July 2006, the tobacco tax was raised and the price (one pack of 20 cigarettes) of common products was increased from 270 Japanese yen (£1.23, given £1 = 220 Japanese yen) to 300 Japanese yen (£1.36), though even with this price increase, the tobacco price is still low in Japan. In Japan, the tobacco price was the lowest apart from Italy among G7 countries this was around one‐third of the price in the United Kingdom and half the price in the United States. “Healthy Japan 21,” a programme established by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, has promoted risk education, eradication of smoking among youth, separation of smoking areas and effective support for smoking cessation as its four main tobacco control measures. 2 As in other countries, reduction of the smoking rate has been one of the central issues of public health policy. 1 Although smoking prevalence for males dropped from 53.1% in 1990 to 43.3% in 2004, that for females has actually increased from 9.4% in 1990 to 12.0% in 2004. In fact, the prevalence of smoking among people aged 15 years and over was 30.3% in 2003, which was higher than the average figure of 26.2% and the highest among the G7 countries. In Japan, the percentage of smokers in the general population is still higher than in other developed nations.
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